Study on the mechanism of Yiyi Fuzi powder in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis based on metabolomics and network pharmacology / 药学学报

In this study, a combination of metabolomics and network pharmacology was used to study the pharmacodynamic substances and mechanism of action of Yiyi Fuzi powder (YYFZ) on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) rats. The animal experiments were conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approval number: TCM-LAEC2021241). The metabolomic analysis using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS technique identified 22 metabolites, including arachidonic acid, tryptophan, linoleic acid, phenylalanine, as significant biomarkers for the treatment of RA with YYFZ, and they were significantly regressed after YYFZ treatment. The analysis of YYFZ blood components also revealed that 11 blood components, including hypaconitine, benzoylhypaconitine, and deoxyaconitine, may be the components that exert direct pharmacological effects in YYFZ in vivo, and further network pharmacological analysis of blood components obtained that YYFZ may exhibit anti-inflammatory effects through acting on PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, estrogen signaling pathway, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway. The results of this study provide implications for the clinical application of YYFZ.

Research advances in the size selection of implantable collamer lens / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

The implantable collamer lens(ICL)is a widely popular option for the correction of refractive errors. ICL implantation brings a whole new dimension to the vision, from the anterior chamber phakic ICL to the posterior and central hole ICL. Even though there are fewer reported complications, ICL size selection remains challenging due to the differences in device measurements and ICL sizing formulas. With the widening comprehensiveness of ICL implantation and the ongoing development of ophthalmic devices and technologies, particularly the advent of artificial intelligence, more and more indicators such as sulcus-to-sulcus(STS), crystalline lens rise(CLR), angle-to-angle(ATA), the iris pigment end to the iris pigment end(PTP), anterior chamber width(ACW), and anterior chamber angle(ACA)are providing references in the selection of ICL size, this article provides a review of ICL size selection.

Moxibustion improves experimental colitis in rats with Crohn's disease by regulating bile acid enterohepatic circulation and intestinal farnesoid X receptor / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#This study was conducted to explore the mechanism of intestinal inflammation and barrier repair in Crohn's disease (CD) regulated by moxibustion through bile acid (BA) enterohepatic circulation and intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR).@*METHODS@#Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, CD model group, mild moxibustion group and herb-partitioned moxibustion group. CD model rats induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid were treated with mild moxibustion or herb-partitioned moxibustion at Tianshu (ST25) and Qihai (CV6). The changes in CD symptoms were rated according to the disease activity index score, the serum and colon tissues of rats were collected, and the pathological changes in colon tissues were observed via histopathology. Western blot, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the improvement of moxibustion on intestinal inflammation and mucosal barrier in CD by the BA-FXR pathway.@*RESULTS@#Mild moxibustion and herb-partitioned moxibustion improved the symptoms of CD, inhibited inflammation and repaired mucosal damage to the colon in CD rats. Meanwhile, moxibustion could improve the abnormal expression of BA in the colon, liver and serum, downregulate the expression of interferon-γ and upregulate the expression of FXR mRNA, and inhibit Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) mRNA. The IHC results showed that moxibustion could upregulate the expression of FXR and mucin2 and inhibit TLR4 expression. Western blot showed that moxibustion inhibited the protein expression of TLR4 and MyD88 and upregulated the expression of FXR. Immunofluorescence image analysis showed that moxibustion increased the colocalization sites and intensity of FXR with TLR4 or nuclear factor-κB p65. In particular, herb-partitioned moxibustion has more advantages in improving BA and upregulating FXR and TLR4 in the colon.@*CONCLUSION@#Mild moxibustion and herb-partitioned moxibustion can improve CD by regulating the enterohepatic circulation stability of BA, activating colonic FXR, regulating the TLR4/MyD88 pathway, inhibiting intestinal inflammation and repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier. Herb-partitioned moxibustion seems to have more advantages in regulating BA enterohepatic circulation and FXR activation. Please cite this article as: Shen JC, Qi Q, Han D, Lu Y, Huang R, Zhu Y, Zhang LS, Qin XD, Zhang F, Wu HG, Liu HR. Moxibustion improves experimental colitis in rats with Crohn's disease by regulating bile acid enterohepatic circulation and intestinal farnesoid X receptor. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(2): 194-204.

Neural Mechanism Underlying Task-Specific Enhancement of Motor Learning by Concurrent Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation / 神经科学通报·英文版

The optimal protocol for neuromodulation by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) remains unclear. Using the rotarod paradigm, we found that mouse motor learning was enhanced by anodal tDCS (3.2 mA/cm2) during but not before or after the performance of a task. Dual-task experiments showed that motor learning enhancement was specific to the task accompanied by anodal tDCS. Studies using a mouse model of stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion showed that concurrent anodal tDCS restored motor learning capability in a task-specific manner. Transcranial in vivo Ca2+ imaging further showed that anodal tDCS elevated and cathodal tDCS suppressed neuronal activity in the primary motor cortex (M1). Anodal tDCS specifically promoted the activity of task-related M1 neurons during task performance, suggesting that elevated Hebbian synaptic potentiation in task-activated circuits accounts for the motor learning enhancement. Thus, application of tDCS concurrent with the targeted behavioral dysfunction could be an effective approach to treating brain disorders.

Effects of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on Intestinal Barrier, Intestinal Flora, and Trimethylamine Oxide in Rats with Heart Failure / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the mechanisms of Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) modulating the gut microbiome and trimethylamine oxide (TAMO) to exert cardioprotective effects.@*METHODS@#Ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery was performed in rats to induce heart failure (HF). Except for the sham-operation group (n=10), 36 operation-induced models were randomized into 3 groups using a random number table (n=12 in each group): the model group, the BYHWD group (15.02 g/kg BYHWD), and the positive group (4.99 g/kg metoprolol succinate). After 4-week treatment (once daily by gavage), echocardiography was applied to evaluate the cardiac function and the Tei index (the ratio of ventricular isovolumic contraction time (IVCT) and isovolumic diastolic time (IVRT) to ejection time (ET)) was calculated; hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was observed to characterize the pathology of the myocardium and small intestinal villi. D-lactic acid was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expressions of occludin, claudin-1, and zonula occludens (ZO-1) were detected by Western blot. 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA) sequencing was used to explore the changes in the intestinal flora. TMAO was detected via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).@*RESULTS@#In the echocardiography, the Tei index was considerably lower in the positive and BYHWD groups compared with the model group (P<0.05). Besides, BYHWD improved the pathology of myocardium and small intestine of HF rats and lowered the D-lactic acid content in the serum, when compared with the model group (P<0.05). BYHWD also improved the expression of occludin and claudin-1 (P<0.05); in the gut microbiota analysis, BYHWD slowed down modifications in the structure distribution of gut microbiota and regulated the diversity of intestinal flora in HF rats. The content of TMAO in the serum was significantly lowered by BYWHT compared with the model group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#BYHWD may delay progression of HF by enhancing the intestinal barrier structure, and regulating intestinal flora and TAMO.

The value of bedside ultrasound and biomarkers in the diagnosis of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction and prognosis of septic shock in children / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of using bedside ultrasound and serum biomarkers for the prediction of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction(SIMD)and mortality in septic shock patients.Methods:The patients diagnosed as septic shock were enrolled in the study from January 2019 to July 2021 in PICU at Shanghai Children′s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine.Bedside ultrasound results were recorded at day 1, 2, 3, 7 and 10.Blood samples were collected at the same time, markers of myocardial injury were detected, and prognosis was recorded at 28 days.According to the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), children with septic shock were divided into SIMD group and non-SIMD group.Those with LVEF <50% or decreased by ≥10% from baseline level were defined as SIMD.Differences in cardiac ultrasound parameters and biomarkers between two groups were compared.Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent risk factors for SIMD and the independent risk factors for death at 28 days after septic shock.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the efficacy of different indicators in predicting SIMD and the death outcome of children with septic shock on 28 days.Results:A total of 57 children were enrolled, including 28 cases in SIMD group and 29 cases in non-SIMD group.Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in pediatric critical illness score, N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP), LVEF and left ventricular short axis shortening rate between two groups ( P<0.05). Logistic analysis demonstrated that LVEF( OR=0.890, 95% CI 0.818-0.969, P=0.007)and NT-proBNP ( OR=1.000, 95% CI 1.000-1.000, P=0.015)could independently predict SIMD.There were 42 cases in survival group and 15 in non-survival group according to the prognosis on 28 days.Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in pediatric risk mortality score Ⅲ, pediatric sequential organ failure assessment, cardiac troponin I, and mitral annular plane systolic excursion(MAPSE)( P<0.05). Logistic analysis showed that only MAPSE independently predicted mortality( OR=85.670, 95% CI 1.685-4 356.736, P=0.026). Compared with MAPSE(AUC=0.727), MAPSE combined with pediatric risk mortality score Ⅲ, pediatric sequential organ failure assessment, cardiac troponin I(AUC=0.926) could be better to predict the 28 days prognosis of patients with septic shock on 28 days. Conclusion:NT-proBNP increases significantly in the early stage of SIMD.MAPSE shows no difference between SIMD and non-SIMD patients.MAPSE is correlated with the prognosis of patient with septic shock.

The status and influencing factors of the dyadic coping in spouses of young and middle-age cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To analyze the status of the dyadic coping in spouses of young and middle-age cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and to explore the influencing factors in bi-directional of patients and their spouses.Methods:With the convenience sampling method, a total of 150 cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy who were hospitalized in the Radiotherapy Department of Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from March 2021 to February 2022 and their spouses were selected. A cross-sectional study was conducted by the Dyadic Coping Inventory, the Lock-Wallace Marital Adjustment Test, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, etc. Besides, multiple linear regression was used to identify predictors of the dyadic coping in spouses of cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Results:The total score of dyadic coping, marital quality, general self-efficacy, anxiety and depression in spouses of cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy were (121.69 ± 19.67), (97.23 ± 25.05), (25.13 ± 5.19), (9.98 ± 3.46), (8.19 ± 4.06) points. The scores of anxiety and depression of cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy were (10.57 ± 3.60), (9.10 ± 4.12) points. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that factors of the patients′ anxiety and depression, spouse′s perception of marital quality, spouse′s general self-efficacy, changes in family relationship, family income, and period of radiotherapy were the main influencing factors ( P<0.01), which accounted for 55.7% of total variation. Conclusions:The level of dyadic coping in spouses of cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy was medium, the marriage quality remains to be further improved,and its influence factors involved in the bi-directional of patient and spouse, including patients′ anxiety and depression, the changes of the family relationship, period of radiotherapy, spouses perception of marital quality and self-efficacy and family income. Clinical medical staff can improve the level of dyadic coping in spouses of cervical cancer patients undergoing synchronous radiotherapy and chemotherapy by improving their cognition of disease, reducing the incongruence of dyadic illness appraisals, and taking multiple measures to reduce the economic burden felt of the spouses.

Analysis of injury factors and of traumatic brain injury in children / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To analyze the injury factors and prognosis of children with traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to explore the risk factors affecting its severity, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and intervention of TBI in children.Methods:A total of 6 040 children with TBI who were admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery of Children's Hospital of Soochow University from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2020 were selected. The injury factors and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting the severity of TBI in children.Results:Of the 6 040 children, 3 681 were males and 2 359 were females. The patients aged 1 to 3 years accounted for the highest proportion (34.0%, 2 056/6 040), and most of them were mild injuries (93.2%, 5 631/6 040). The main injury sites of children with TBI were road (35.9%, 2 167/6 040) and home (31.1%, 1 881/6 040), and the main causes of injury were falling from height (34.9%, 2 107/6 040) and falling (34.5%, 2 085/6 040). Children aged 1 to 3 years were most likely to be injured at home(41.9%, 861/2 056), mainly due to falling from height, while children aged 4 to 6 years were most likely to be injured on the road(43.8%, 828/1 891), mainly due to falling. Logistic regression analysis showed that children's residence, the presence of multiple injuries and the location of brain injury were independent influencing factors for the severity of TBI in children ( χ2=6.58, 138.15, 4.25, all P <0.05). Conclusions:TBI in children aged 1 to 3 years mainly occurred at home, and in children aged 4 to 6 years mainly occurred on the road. Falling from height and falling are the main causes of TBI in children. The society, schools and families should take targeted prevention education and intervention measures according to different age groups. Children who live in rural areas, have multiple injuries, and have multiple brain injury sites are more severely injured. In the process of treating children with TBI, the severity can be quickly predicted based on this, and the treatment efficiency of children with TBI can be improved.

Precision therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) -positive breast cancer is prone to metastasis and has a poor prognosis. In the context of the booming development of anti-HER2 targeted therapy, HER2-positive breast cancer has reduced recurrence and metastasis and improved prognosis. However, there are still some HER2-positive breast cancer patients who cannot benefit from anti-HER2-targeted therapy and continue to develop recurrent metastasis. Neoadjuvant therapy, surgical treatment, and the full range of adjuvant and palliative therapies enable HER2-positive breast cancer to benefit from them. Scholars from home and abroad have explored the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer and have achieved some results. In this article, we review the current status and development of HER2-positive breast cancer treatment.

Analysis of media information monitoring results of COVID-19 in Shanghai in 2022 based on an internet surveillance system / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo understand the internet media information of COVID-19 in Shanghai in 2022， to provide evidence for health administration departments to respond to public health emergencies， and to establish a comprehensive public health media surveillance system. MethodsData on internet media information and the local COVID-19 epidemic data in Shanghai from January 1 to June 30， 2022 were collected and analyzed. ResultsA total of 90.197 3 million pieces of internet media information were monitored. The top four sources of the information were Weibo （36.84%）， short videos （26.19%）， internet media （14.47%）， and forums （13.31%）. The variation trend of daily internet media surveillance information was identified with the number of newly reported cases per day， and a correlation was found （r＝0.770. After the seven-day moving average，r＝0.796）. Frequent keywords included Shanghai， cheer up， nucleic acid， new cases， local， asymptomatic， prevention and control， gratitude， isolation， epidemic prevention， supplies， pandemic response， patient， seeking help， and clearing the cases. Within the information on Weibo， in addition to netizens in Shanghai （7 823 100） who were highly concerned about the pandemic， netizens from Beijing （2 749 100）， Guangdong Province （2 352 300）， Jiangsu Province （2 189 100） and Zhejiang Province（1 532 100） also posted a relatively high amount of information related to COVID-19 in Shanghai. ConclusionThe outbreak of major infectious diseases triggers significant online activity， and platforms such as Weibo and short video platforms play crucial roles in disseminating internet media information. Weibo， short videos etc. are important platforms for current internet media information. Strengthening media information monitoring and analysis， paying close attention to hot events， taking timely response measures and actively engaging in risk communication contribute to the response and management of public health emergencies.

Study on F9 gene expression downregulation and its clinical value in hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To analyze the expression levels of the F9 gene and F9 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma by combining multiple gene chip data, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT qPCR), and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, explore their correlation with the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as with various clinical indicators and prognosis. Methods: The mRNA microarray dataset from the GEO database was analyzed to identify the F9 gene with significant expression differences associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver cancer and adjacent tissues were collected from 18 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma. RT-qPCR method was used to detect the F9 gene expression level. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the F9 protein level. Combined with the TCGA database information, the correlation between F9 gene expression level and prognostic and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed. The biological function of F9 co-expressed genes associated with hepatocellular carcinoma was analyzed by the Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Statistical analysis was performed using Graphpad Prism software. Results: Meta-analysis results showed that the expression of the F9 gene was lower in HCC tissues than in non-cancerous tissues. Immunohistochemistry results were basically consistent with those of RT-qPCR. The data obtained from TCGA showed that the F9 gene had lower expression values in stages III-IV, T3-T4, and patients with vascular invasion. A total of 127 genes were selected for bioinformatics analysis as co-expressed genes of F9, which were highly enriched in redox processes and metabolic pathways. Conclusion: This study validates that the F9 gene and F9 protein are lower in HCC. The down-regulation of the F9 gene predicts adverse outcomes, which may provide a new therapeutic target for HCC.

Factors associated with malnutrition in infants with congenital heart disease within one year after surgery / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To explore the risk factors of malnutrition in infants with congenital heart disease within one year after surgery. Methods: This retrospective cohort study selected 502 infants with congenital heart disease who underwent surgical treatment in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from February 2018 to January 2019. Their basic information and clinical data were analyzed, and their nutrition status after the surgery was followed up by questionnaire survey. Weight-for-age Z score (WAZ)≤-2 one year after operation was defined as malnutrition group, and WAZ>-2 was non-malnutrition group. The perioperative indicators and complementary food advancement were compared between the two groups by chi-square test, t-test, and Kruskal-Wallis test. The risk factors of malnutrition were analyzed by Logistic regression. Results: A total of 502 infants were selected, including 301 males and 201 females, with the age of 4.1 (2.0, 6.8) months. There were 90 cases in malnutrition group and 412 cases in non-malnutrition group. The body length and weight at birth in the malnutrition group were lower than those in the non-malnutrition group ((47.8±3.8) vs. (49.3±2.5) cm, (2.7±0.6) vs.(3.0±0.5) kg, both P<0.001). The proportion of paternal high school education or above and the proportion of family per capita income of 5 000 yuan or above in the malnutrition group were lower than those in the non-malnutrition group ((18.9% (17/90) vs. 30.8% (127/412), 18.9% (17/90) vs. 33.7% (139/412), both P<0.05). Compared to the non-malnutrition group, the proportion of complex congenital heart disease in the malnutrition group was higher (62.2% (56/90) vs. 47.3% (195/412), P<0.05). The postoperative mechanical ventilation time, postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) stay time, postoperative hospital stay, total length of ICU stay and total hospital stay in the malnutrition group were significantly longer than those in non-malnutrition group (all P<0.05). The proportion of egg and fish supplementation over 2 times/week within one year after the surgery was also lower in the malnutrition group (both P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that mother's weight at delivery (OR=0.95,95%CI 0.91-0.99), the pre-operative WAZ≤-2 (OR=6.04, 95%CI 3.13-11.65), the complexity of the cardiac disease (OR=2.23, 95%CI 1.22-4.06), the hospital stay after the surgery over 14 days (OR=2.61, 95%CI 1.30-5.26), the types of complementary food<4 (OR=2.57, 95%CI 1.39-4.76), and the frequency of meat and fish<2 times/week (OR=2.11, 95%CI 1.13-3.93) were the risk factors associated with malnutrition within one year after the surgery. Conclusion: Mother's weight at delivery pre-operative nutritional status, complexity of cardiac disease, postoperative hospital stay, types of daily supplements and frequency of fish are risk factors associated with malnutrition within one year after surgery in children with congenital heart disease.

Erythropoietin promotes myocardial infarction repair in mice by improving the function of Sca-1+ stem cells / 生理学报

Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death in the world. With the improvement of clinical therapy, the mortality of acute MI has been significantly reduced. However, as for the long-term impact of MI on cardiac remodeling and cardiac function, there is no effective prevention and treatment measures. Erythropoietin (EPO), a glycoprotein cytokine essential to hematopoiesis, has anti-apoptotic and pro-angiogenetic effects. Studies have shown that EPO plays a protective role in cardiomyocytes in cardiovascular diseases, such as cardiac ischemia injury and heart failure. EPO has been demonstrated to protect ischemic myocardium and improve MI repair by promoting the activation of cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs). This study aimed to investigate whether EPO can promote MI repair by enhancing the activity of stem cell antigen 1 positive stem cells (Sca-1+ SCs). Darbepoetin alpha (a long-acting EPO analog, EPOanlg) was injected into the border zone of MI in adult mice. Infarct size, cardiac remodeling and performance, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and microvessel density were measured. Lin- Sca-1+ SCs were isolated from neonatal and adult mouse hearts by magnetic sorting technology, and were used to identify the colony forming ability and the effect of EPO, respectively. The results showed that, compared to MI alone, EPOanlg reduced the infarct percentage, cardiomyocyte apoptosis ratio and left ventricular (LV) chamber dilatation, improved cardiac performance, and increased the numbers of coronary microvessels in vivo. In vitro, EPO increased the proliferation, migration and clone formation of Lin- Sca-1+ SCs likely via the EPO receptor and downstream STAT-5/p38 MAPK signaling pathways. These results suggest that EPO participates in the repair process of MI by activating Sca-1+ SCs.

Effect of amantadine dimer adjuvant on humoral immune response induced by SARS-CoV-2 protein vaccine in mice / 中国生物制品学杂志

Effect of amantadine dimer adjuvant on humoral immune response induced by SARS-CoV-2 protein vaccine in mice@#Objective To investigate the effect of amantadine dimer adjuvant on humoral immune response induced by SARS-CoV-2 crown protein vaccine in mice.Methods The amantadine dimer was synthesized by substitution reaction ligation,hydrolytic acidification reaction ligation and amide condensation reaction ligation,with which as adjuvant,female BALB/c mice were immunized with the receptor-binding domain(RBD).The mice were randomly divided into five groups,six for each as follows:R6A+RBD group[21 μg(0.033 μmol)amantadine dimer+10 μg RBD],Ada+RBD group[10 μg(0.066 μmol)amantadine+10 μg RBD],Alu+RBD group(35 μg aluminum adjuvant+10 μg RBD),RBD group(10 μg RBD)and Blank group(0.9% normal saline),which were immunized i.m.on day 0,14 and 28 respectively.Serum samples were collected from tail vein of mice 7 d after the second dose and 14 d after the last dose and determined for specific IgG antibody levels by ELISA.Results The amantadine dimer was purified by thin layer chromatography(TLC)and identified by electrospray ionization-MS(ESI-MS)positive/negative ion mode.After two times of immunization,the antibody levels in sera at various dilutions of mice in R6A+RBD group were all higher than those of Ada+RBD group,while lower than those of Alu+RBD group.However,after three times of immunization,the antibody levels in sera at various dilutions of mice in R6A+RBD group were all significantly higher than those of Ada+RBD and Alu+RBD groups(each F > 30,each P < 0.000 1 and each P < 0.01).Conclusion Amantadine dimer adjuvant enhanced humoral immune response induced by SARS-CoV-2 protein vaccine in mice with good adjuvant effect,which may be used as an alternative adjuvant.This strategy based on existing drug transformation provided a new idea for the development of novel adjuvants.

Meta-analysis on correlations between short-term exposures to 6 common air pollutants and incidence of ischemic stroke / 环境与职业医学

Background Previous studies using meta-analysis to explore the relationship between air pollution exposure and ischemic stroke (IS) mostly focus on particulate matter-related themes, few include gaseous pollutants in the study, and subgroup analyses of factors such as different lag days, seasons, and genders are rarely been reported. Objective To quantitatively evaluate the relationships between short-term exposures to 6 common air pollutants, including fine particulate matter (PM2.5), inhalable particulate matter (PM10), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ozone (O3), and the incidence of IS. Methods A systematic search was conducted to collect literature studying the 6 common air pollutants and IS published up to May 1, 2022 in 6 databases (China Journal Full-text Database, China Biology Medicine Disc, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase). Literature quality evaluation was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Stata 16.0 software was used to conduct meta-analysis including heterogeneity test, combined effect size, meta-regression, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias test. Results A total of 33 articles were qualified for inclusion. The total number of samples included in the literature was 7195631. The meta-analysis results showed that short-term exposures to PM2.5 (OR=1.0082, 95%CI: 1.0049−1.0116), PM10 (OR=1.0017, 95%CI: 1.0008−1.0026), CO (OR=1.0328, 95%CI: 1.0231−1.0426), NO2 (OR=1.0150, 95%CI: 1.0079−1.0222), SO2 (OR=1.0158, 95%CI: 1.0078-1.0238), and O3 (OR=1.0017, 95%CI: 1.0003−1.0032) were associated with an increased risk of IS. PM10 and O3 increased the risk of IS in both lag0 and lag1, while PM2.5, CO, NO2, and SO2 all showed an associated increased risk of IS only in lag0. The results of sensitivity analysis showed stable results for all pollutants studied, and there was no publication bias in the literature on the association of the remaining five pollutants with IS incidence except for the PM2.5-related literature. Conclusion Short-term exposures to PM2.5, PM10, CO, NO2, SO2, and O3 may increase the incidence of IS, with this risk showing the most significant level on the day of IS onset.

Risk factors for neonatal asphyxia and establishment of a nomogram model for predicting neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture: a multicenter study / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and establish a nomogram model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was conducted with 613 cases of neonatal asphyxia treated in 20 cooperative hospitals in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from January to December 2019 as the asphyxia group, and 988 randomly selected non-asphyxia neonates born and admitted to the neonatology department of these hospitals during the same period as the control group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for neonatal asphyxia. R software (4.2.2) was used to establish a nomogram model. Receiver operator characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis were used to assess the discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, respectively.@*RESULTS@#Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that minority (Tujia), male sex, premature birth, congenital malformations, abnormal fetal position, intrauterine distress, maternal occupation as a farmer, education level below high school, fewer than 9 prenatal check-ups, threatened abortion, abnormal umbilical cord, abnormal amniotic fluid, placenta previa, abruptio placentae, emergency caesarean section, and assisted delivery were independent risk factors for neonatal asphyxia (P<0.05). The area under the curve of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia based on these risk factors was 0.748 (95%CI: 0.723-0.772). The calibration curve indicated high accuracy of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia. The decision curve analysis showed that the model could provide a higher net benefit for neonates at risk of asphyxia.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture are multifactorial, and the nomogram model based on these factors has good value in predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, which can help clinicians identify neonates at high risk of asphyxia early, and reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia.

Structure-activity relationship of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides / 中国中药杂志

As a traditional Chinese herb and functional food, the fruits of Lycium barbarum has been widely used for thousands of years in China. L. barbarum polysaccharides(LBPs) are predominant active components, which have immunomodulatory, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, neuroprotective, anti-tumor, and prebiotic activities. The molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic bond, branching degree, protein content, chemical modification, and spatial structure of LBPs are closely related to their biological activity. Based on the previous studies of this research team, this paper systematically combed and integrated the research progress of structure, function, and structure-activity relationship of LBPs. At the same time, some problems restricting the clarification of the structure-activity relationship of LBPs were considered and prospected, hoping to provide references for the high value utilization of LBPs and in-depth exploration of their health value.

Clinical Observation on Herb-partitioned Moxibustion on Navel Combined with Yishen Tongluo Prescription in Treatment of Infertility Induced by Idiopathic Asthenozoospermia with Kidney-Yang Deficiency and Collateral Obstruction Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of herb-partitioned moxibustion on the navel combined with Yishen Tongluo prescription in the treatment of infertility induced by idiopathic asthenozoospermia （iAZS） with kidney-Yang deficiency and collateral obstruction syndrome and its effect on sperm DNA damage and superoxide dismutase （SOD） in the seminal plasma. MethodsA total of 112 eligible patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into an observation group （56 cases） and a control group （56 cases）. The patients in the observation group were treated with herb-partitioned moxibustion on the navel combined with Yishen Tongluo prescription，while those in the control group received levocarnitine oral liquid. The primary observation indicators included spouse pregnancy rate，progressive motility （PR），and total sperm motility，and the secondary observation indicators included sperm DNA fragmentation index （DFI），SOD in the seminal plasma， and improvement of TCM syndromes. The treatment cycle was 12 weeks. Before and after treatment，the PR，total sperm motility，sperm DFI，SOD in the seminal plasma， and TCM syndrome scores were recorded. The patients were followed up for 12 weeks and the pregnancy status of spouses within 24 weeks （half a year） was recorded. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated. ResultThe pregnancy rate of spouses in the observation group was 15.69% （8/51）， higher than 3.85% （2/52） in the control group （χ2=4.118，P<0.05）. The total effective rate of the observation group was 88.24%（45/51）， superior to 69.23% （36/52）in the control group （Z=-3.402，P<0.01）. After treatment， PR， total sperm motility，sperm DFI， SOD in the seminal plasma， and TCM syndromes of the two groups were improved compared with those before treatment （P<0.05）， and the observation group was superior to the control group （P<0.05）. ConclusionHerb-partitioned moxibustion on the navel combined with Yishen Tongluo prescription in the treatment of iAZS-induced infertility patients with kidney-Yang deficiency and collateral obstruction syndrome can increase PR，total sperm motility， and SOD level in the seminal plasma， reduce sperm DFI，improve the TCM symptoms of patients， and improve the pregnancy rate of spouses. The mechanism may be attributed to the fact that this treatment can increase the SOD level in the seminal plasma of patients，enhance the body's antioxidant function，protect sperm from oxidative stress damage，and reduce sperm DFI.

Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea based on Latent Pathogen Theory / 中医杂志

Obstructive sleep apnea （OSA） is a sleep disorder with a slow course and is often accompanied by multiple serious complications， having highly consistent pathogenic characteristics with the latent pathogen. By exploreing its pathogenesis and treatment based on the latent pathogen theory in traditional Chinese medicine， it is believed that congenital healthy qi deficiency is the root， while internal latent phlegm and stasis is the branch， and external pathogenic seven emotions are causing factors. In terms of treatment， it is necessary to target at root deficiency and use nourishing medicinals according to depletion degree of lungs， spleen， and kidneys. When protecting the healthy qi， it is important to prevent the generation and inducing of latent pathogen. Simultaneously， it is also critical to put focus on phlegm stasis by clearing existing latent pathogens with medicinals having the function of dissolving phlegm and dispelling stasis， as well as regulating liver and lung qi. All these are expected to provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of OSA patients in clinical practice.

Effect of facial filling with autologous fat particles on facial contour reshaping / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of facial filling with autologous fat particles on the facial contour remodeling of patients with facial rejuvenation needs and its influence on the facial skin indicators of patients.Methods:From February 2019 to February 2020, 225 female patients, aged 25-52 years, with an average age of (42.5±5.2) years, received facial rejuvenation treatment in Zhengzhou Mylai Medical Beauty Hospital. They were divided into observation group (PPDO serrated line lifting combined with autologous fat granule filling), control group 1 (PPDO serrated line lifting alone) and control group 2 (simple autologous fat granule filling alone), with 75 cases in each group. After 6 months of follow-up, facial skin indexes, contour remodeling effect and adverse reactions after treatment were compared among the three groups.Results:At the last follow-up, the facial skin elasticity and moisture scores of the observation group (63.45±10.11, 56.71±9.38) were significantly higher than those of control group 1 (51.11±9.23, 43.69±7.65) and control group 2 (52.35±9.51, 42.47±7.53). The facial spots and lipid scores (41.31±7.24, 42.18±7.46) were significantly lower than those in control group 1 (48.67±9.15, 53.49±9.45) and control group 2 (48.26±9.21, 53.55±9.53) ( F=37.39, 68.98, 17.42, 40.91, P<0.001). At the last follow-up, the lower surface width of observation group (11.35±0.63) was lower than that of control group 1 (12.21±0.85) and control group 2 (12.38±0.65). The contour ratio of the lower part of the face (0.63±0.17) was higher than that of control group 1 (0.56±0.15) and control group 2 (0.57±0.15) ( F=44.49, 4.36, P<0.05). The change level of the ratio of lower facial area (0.12±0.03) was higher than that of control group 1 (0.07±0.02) and control group 2 (0.08±0.04) ( F=54.31, P<0.001). Conclusions:For patients who need facial rejuvenation treatment, the use of autologous fat granule facial filling therapy has good clinical effects, which can significantly improve the patient's facial skin elasticity, moisture, spots, and oil. The patient's facial contour reshaping effect is better, and the aesthetic score is significantly improved, and does not increase the risk of adverse reactions.